2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

花叶木薯的繁殖管理

    繁殖:常用扦插和播种繁殖。
    1、扦插繁殖,以在春季4~5月茎干上的芽刚开始萌动时为宜。选取生长健壮、充实的茎干,剪成10厘米长的插穗,切口流出的乳汁应清洗晾干,防止腐烂。扦插用的沙床温度保持20~25℃,20天左右即可生根。
    2、播种繁殖,可在种子采收后立即进行,否则种子发芽率降低。成熟后的种子播于繁殖沙床,保持25~30℃和一定的湿度,一般10~15天即可发芽,1~2个月即可进行移植。
    喜温暖和阳光充足环境。不耐寒,怕霜冻,耐半荫,怕水湿和强光暴晒。特别喜光,全年除夏季强光以外,均需充足阳光,若阳光不足,叶色不鲜艳,容易落叶。
    盆栽花叶木薯,土壤适宜采用疏松、肥沃、排水良好的微酸性土壤。生长期要充分浇水,但盆土湿度不可过大,否则会使根部腐烂。而土壤过干或过干时湿,也可导致植株落叶。秋后应减少浇水。冬季落叶休眠期,放室温15度以上环境过冬。应逐渐减少浇水次数,盆土保持稍干燥。若处于低温潮湿的栽培环境,肉质根易腐烂。栽培过程中,可每月施肥一次,生长旺盛期还应增施2~3次磷、钾肥,可避免枝叶徒长,并可保持叶片颜色瑰丽。
   生长适温为:3~9月为 25~30℃;9~3月为18~20℃,越冬温度要求高于15℃。若室温低于10℃,则可使植株停止生长,且会引起落叶。花叶木薯生长迅速,萌发力强,扦插苗盆栽后高20~25厘米时,需进行摘心,促其多分枝。盆栽植株,宜每年换盆一次,并结合对地上部枝条进行修剪,每盆留3~4主枝即可。压低株型,剪除杈枝和枯枝,使植株保持优美的株型。常见褐斑病和炭疽病危害,用65%代森锌可湿性粉剂500倍液喷洒。虫害有粉虱和介壳虫危害,用40%氧化乐果乳油 1000倍液喷杀。
 
 
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