2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

国税总局:拟降低农产品加工企业增值税

      记者24日独家获悉,国家税务总局拟在部分行业试点农产品增值税进项税额核定扣除,统一进项税抵扣率和销项税征收率。此举将大大减轻农产品加工企业的增值税负担。

  在一份《关于部分行业试行农产品增值税进项税额核定扣除管理办法的公告》(征求意见稿)中,国税总局明确,将在液体乳及乳制品制造和食用植物油加工行业率先试点进项税额核定扣除办法,同时将农产品进项税额扣除率由现行的13%修改为纳税人再销售时货物的适用税率,即纳税人销售的货物适用13%税率的,则扣除率为13%,纳税人销售的货物适用17%税率的,则扣除率为17%。

  “进项税抵扣”是增值税的一大特点,企业应缴的增值税实际上是销项税减去进项税抵扣后的部分。销项税是指销售货物时应缴纳的税金,进项税则是购进货物时所发生的税金。但由于销项税和进项税税率的不统一,农产品加工企业增值税税负实际上比工业企业还高。

  据记者了解,目前,我国的农产品初加工企业主要原材料的购进普遍按13%的扣除率进行进项税抵扣,但在销售产品时则按17%的增值税率征收销项税,“高征低扣”使农产品加工企业多承受了4个百分点的增值税税负,而普通工业企业是征17%抵扣17%,,这显然对农产品加工企业不尽公平。为此,农业领域人士一直呼吁将进销项税率统一。

  征求意见稿指出,将进项税扣除率调整为产成品的适用税率,可以大大减轻农产品加工企业的增值税负担,有利于鼓励农产品加工增值,提高国际竞争力,促进农产品加工行业的发展。

  虽然征求意见稿并未明确试点的具体时间,但据记者了解,在液体乳及乳制品制造和食用植物油加工两个行业试点之后,国税总局将按照先易后难的原则逐步推开这一新政策。

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