2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

抗酶解淀粉简介

    抗酶解淀粉(Enzyme-Resistant starch 或Resistantstarch)原是指那种经过充分糊化,但不能被胰淀粉酶降解的那部份淀粉。目前人们将在通常条件下不能被α-淀粉酶、普鲁兰酶和葡萄糖酶等降解的淀粉或变性淀粉以及它们的降解产物,也通称为抗酶解淀粉。 
  这是一类性质并非完全相同的碳水化合物,其抗酶性质与淀粉的品种、来源、保存方式及食品加工过程有关,现有4种:RS1是指淀粉颗粒由于机械加工作用,发生物理屏蔽,被锁定在植物细胞壁上,不能为淀粉酶所作用的部分。RS2是指淀粉中固有的抗酶降解的和不能完全糊化的部分。RS3是凝沉的淀粉聚合物,主要由糊化淀粉经冷却后形成,为凝沉的直链淀粉。RS4是指淀粉经过物理或化学变性后,由于淀粉分子结构以及一些化学官能团的引入后而产生的抗酶解淀粉。 
  抗酶解淀粉具有膳食纤维功能又有原淀粉的细腻、口感好的优点,用于焙烤食品比常用膳食纤维能更利水分形成较优组织网络,颜色白、质地更好,它能在休闲食品表面形成光滑、透明、有光泽的薄膜,还能改善挤压食品的膨化情况,又能促进双岐杆菌的繁殖、降低血糖含量等等。
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