2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

西非木薯弯孢菌茎枯病的严重性

      木薯的大田生产受到生物性和非生物性因素限制。生物限制包括病虫害导致木薯大幅减产。根据诊断调查,在贝宁、加纳、尼日利亚,木薯弯孢菌茎枯病侵染率分别为9%13%和38%。病害的感染率(根据取样的总株数中具有明显症状数)为0~80%,而严重损伤率(损害数)介于2%~5%之间。根据温室研究,真菌病原对木薯枝条生长的抑制取决于其对木薯芽体的侵染程度,当芽体完全被病原感染后,它们不能抽条生长。仅被部分侵染的芽体可以抽条,但是这还取决于木薯的基因类型。总的说来,与未被真菌侵袭茎(健康茎)比较,芽的抽条率减少20~50%。所有人工接种(感染)的栽培品种的芽抽条率比未接种(未感染)的植株要低,且叶片脱落率达50%以上。在两处田间试验中栽培品种TMS30572和Odongbo的芽抽条率比未接种的茎(未感染茎)分别减少4~18%和26~58%。
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