2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

冬种马铃薯增产技术

    一、去尾芽:经实践证明马铃薯的尾芽成株后,产量仅是顶芽或侧芽成株苗的1/3,为此在切种薯时应对尾芽弃置不用。
  二、高垄栽培:高垄栽培两边培土,能增加活土层根茎部位土壤疏松,利于匍匐茎延伸,又能提高地温,满足早期根茎发育所需温度。
  三、测土配方施肥:马铃薯在整个生长发育其需要大量养分,在土壤贫瘠,养分含量低的地区,必须实行测土配方施肥以满足作物生长发育对N、P、K和微量元素的需求,特别是块茎膨大期,能大幅度提高产量。
  四、打叉打花封顶:马铃薯的商品是地下的块茎,它根本不需要开花授粉获得,而且孕蕾开花需要消耗大量的养分,要想获得高产,必须打叉打花封顶,以节省养分促进块茎的生长。
  五、补镁促产:专家研究证明在马铃薯的生长过程中,尤其是薯块膨大期,如镁肥充足,不仅产量高,而且淀粉积累多,品质好。因此在植株45厘米高时,每株要以50-100克硫酸镁对水溶化后追入。
  六、叶面喷肥:在施足底肥的情况下,从展叶起,每十天叶喷一次0.l%的硫酸镁、0.3%的磷酸二氢钾、1000倍的三十烷醇混合液,连喷3-5次,能显著提高产量。
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