2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

甘薯与辣椒套种可增收

    甘薯与辣椒套种,是一种高产、稳产、高效、抗灾的套种组合,多在粮食产区推广。据研究,这两种作物的综合利用率都在90%以上,辣椒可延长到10月罢园,甘薯也可到10月上中旬一次性收获,甘薯与辣椒套种一般每亩产甘薯15002000公斤,辣椒20003000公斤,合计产值可达50008000元。

    品种选择。甘薯最好能选择短蔓品种,也可选用高淀粉品种YS86YS13,或中蔓型品种湘薯16号,薯脯加工型品种湘薯15号等。近几年来,也流行种植特色红薯品种如水果红薯品种,或紫色品种紫金薯。辣椒应选用株型紧凑、结果集中、成熟期一致、抗逆性强、加工利用价值较高的干辣椒品种,也可选用适合贮运或宜作恋秋栽培的湘研19号、宁椒5号等辣椒品种。

    套种密度。采用1.2宽(连沟)的高畦,可于高畦的两边各栽植1行辣椒,2行辣椒之间套种1行甘薯,形成2:1的配比,辣椒行距62.5厘米,每穴2株,甘薯行距125厘米,株距33厘米。也可作1.86宽的弧形高畦,两边各栽1行辣椒,中间畦背上栽2行甘薯,形成2:2的配比,辣椒行距为108厘米,穴距30厘米,每穴2株,甘薯行距108厘米,株距33厘米。

    甘薯种植。甘薯育苗宜单独择地进行,一般在3月中旬至4月上旬育苗,利用块根无性繁殖,苗龄30天左右,选择壮苗或薯蔓中上段作为扦插苗移栽,10月初至10月中旬及时收获。

    辣椒种植。辣椒一般在10月下旬至11月上旬利用大棚进行冷床播种育苗,越冬前做好保温防冻等苗期管理,开春后及时浇水追肥,培育壮苗,3月下旬至4月下旬采用地膜覆盖移栽。

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